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1 8 - 1 2 - 2 0 0 4 Analysis finds fish oil supplements safe By Elizabeth Weise, USA TODAY 12/15/2004 Consumers who want to take advantage of the cardiac benefits of fish oil supplements but were concerned about possible mercury and PCB contamination can pop their pills in peace. ConsumerLab.com, which evaluates nutritional and health supplements, found that of 41 fish oil supplements tested, none were contaminated with mercury or PCBs. Omega-3 supplements generally are made from fish oil, although they can be derived from algae. In fish-oil-based pills, the oil is distilled to filter out contaminants. Also the fish used to make pills tend to be younger and smaller than the fish we eat, meaning they have had less time to accumulate toxins. "With all the news this year with mercury in this fish and dioxins or PCBs in that fish, people were concerned. [ErGs] So it put to rest in our minds the issue of purity," says ConsumerLab.com president Tod Cooperman. What ConsumerLab Found Tests of omega-3 fatty acid supplements showed that all but three were fresh and contained their claimed amounts of EPA and DHA — key omega-3 fatty acids. The three products failed the testing for the following problems: A softgel, contained only 51% of the claimed EPA and only 59% of its DHA despite a statement on its label that it was manufactured following Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs). A liquid product, was spoiled — as indicated by an elevated amount of both peroxide (indicating recent spoilage) and anisidine (indicating longer-term spoilage). A soft-gel supplement, contained only 53% of its claimed EPA. This product is sold for human use but is also marketed for use by pets. None of the products contained detectable levels of mercury, nor unsafe levels of PCBs. By comparison, PCBs have been found in several fish including farm-raised salmon and mercury levels in fish generally range from 10 ppb to 1,000 ppb, depending on the fish. Several of the products were additionally tested for dioxins, which can be found in some fish. However, none of these supplements contained unsafe levels of dioxins. ConsumerLab.com. Product Review: Omega-3 Fatty Acids (EPA and DHA) from Fish/Marine Oils. 10/6/04; 12/7/2004. [Link] Mounting evidence suggests a diet that includes plenty of omega-3-rich fatty fish such as mackerel, lake trout, herring, salmon, sardines and albacore tuna can reduce the risk of fatal heart attacks. "If you eat fish at least once or twice a week, you can cut your risk of dying (suddenly) by 30%, and it seems to be true as well for fish oil pills," says David Schardt, a senior nutritionist with the Center for Science in the Public Interest. By the numbers $190 million: U.S. consumer sales of fish oil supplements in 2003 $230 million: Forecast for sales in 2004 42%: Percentage fish oil supplement sales grew in 2003 $15.3 billion: Value of the pill-based nutritional supplement market in 2003 35%: Approximate percentage of adults who take vitamins daily 5%-10%: Percentage of adults who take fish oil daily Source: Nutrition Business Journal The American Heart Association dietary guidelines suggest that for people without known coronary heart disease, at least two meals a week include such fish. For people with coronary disease, one gram a day of omega-3 is recommended, approximately a serving of fatty fish a day. A teaspoon of cod liver oil also would do it. "It's pretty dang hard to get that much" from eating fish in meals, says William Harris, a University of Missouri-Kansas City professor who helped write the Heart Association guidelines. Supplements can help people get enough omega-3 fatty acids, Harris says. "If you just left it to 'You've got to eat a pound of salmon a day,' then most people couldn't do it." The ConsumerLab.com tests, together with recent tests by Consumer Reports magazine, indicate those wanting to take the supplements have no reason for concern. "With all the mounting evidence in favor of fish oil, it's very good news. If people are concerned about contamination, especially pregnant women, the supplements seem quite safe," Cooperman says. Fish oil pills are one of the fastest-growing areas of the supplement industry, says Grant Ferrier, editor of the Nutrition Business Journal in San Diego. Testing did find some product-integrity issues with two brands not containing as much omega-3 as claimed. A full listing is at www.consumerlab.com. ConsumerLab.com has proven to be a reliable source of information on dietary supplements, Schardt says. "They're the only source of this type of information." [Link]

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